COMPOSITES LOUNGE - Das Online Experten Netzwerk

Ilkay Özkisaoglu
Since 04/2021 243 Episoden

#243 AFEZ Chairman Reveals Azerbaijan’s Manufacturing Gateway Between Europe and Asia

23.07.2026 26 min Staffel 5 Episode 201

Zusammenfassung & Show Notes

Azerbaijan Is Open for Business: Inside a Nation's Drive to Attract Global Manufacturing Investment

For many international executives, Azerbaijan still enters the conversation primarily through the lens of oil and gas.

After spending the past week on the ground, visiting industrial sites, speaking with business leaders, and meeting representatives from government and free economic zones, a different story emerges.

Azerbaijan is actively positioning itself as one of the most ambitious economic diversification projects between Europe and Asia.

The country's leadership is increasingly focused on developing manufacturing, logistics, technology, tourism, renewable energy, and export-oriented industries as part of a broader strategy to reduce dependence on hydrocarbons and attract international investment. Recent investment and economic development initiatives continue to emphasize the growth of the non-oil economy, industrial infrastructure, and export-driven business models. [azernews.az]

What makes Azerbaijan particularly interesting is its geography.

Situated at the crossroads of Europe, Central Asia, Türkiye, the Caspian region, the Middle East, and China, the country occupies a strategic position along major East-West and North-South transport corridors. This location is increasingly being leveraged to strengthen Azerbaijan's role as a regional logistics and manufacturing hub.

One of the most visible examples of this ambition is the Alat Free Economic Zone Authority (AFEZ).

During an exclusive interview with Valeh Alasgarov, Chairman of the Board of the Alat Free Economic Zone Authority, the vision became clear: create a business environment where logistics, legislation, infrastructure, and incentives work together to attract high value-added, export-oriented manufacturers.

Located adjacent to the Baku International Sea Trade Port, AFEZ offers access to maritime, railway, and highway networks. Future plans also include a dedicated cargo airport inside the free zone, designed to support both industrial cargo operations and business aviation.

According to the Authority, investor services are centralized through a streamlined administrative process, industrial plots are delivered with ready-to-use infrastructure, and companies benefit from incentives including zero corporate tax and zero customs duties within the zone.

From industrial parks and logistics infrastructure to tourism development and international exhibition activity, Azerbaijan is investing heavily in creating the conditions necessary for long-term economic growth. The strategy is increasingly centered around attracting foreign direct investment, supporting private-sector development, and building globally competitive industries. [azernews.az]

As part of our 
#Composites360onTour coverage, we will continue showcasing the people, projects, industrial clusters, and investment opportunities shaping Azerbaijan's next chapter.

YouTube Episode: https://youtu.be/Vco6JbYk2A8

Transkript

So wonderful, good afternoon, dear LinkedIn community. One more time here in Azerbaijan. The next stop is now with me, the chairman of the board of Alat Free Economic Zone here in Azerbaijan. And thank you so much, Mr. Chairman, for having us at your precious site here at AFEZ. Nice to meet you Mr Alasgarov, this free zone is often a gateway between Europe and Asia. And also, how do you see the close proximity to the seaports? Let's start with the location of your area. -It's a very important point to have attractive for investors. Location of the free zone or territory of the free zone. And we selected this place because Alat Free Economic Zone located in vicinity of Baku international sea trade port first. Second at the intersection of transport corridors from east to west and backwards from north to south and backwards. It means that our clients will have and will have access to all kinds of transportation, logistics services using seaways and railways, motorways. And as I said in our previous meeting, our investors still airlines, start construction of airport at the territory of the Alat Free Economic Zone and it will be ready to use not later than in March / April of 2027. It means that our clients, our potential investors, will have access not only to seaways, motorways, railways, but at the same time to airways. And it is a very important point for high tech industries because they will use air cargo ways, not railways, not motorways etc. and because of it, I am absolutely sure that our clients will have acceptable for them. It's profitable for them. Access to all kinds of transportation, logistics, services. It is a very important point, not only for Alat Free Economic Zone or any other free zones, or for any other industrial zones. -Mr. Chairman, allow me a follow up question, because I'm very much involved in aerospace, business, aviation, general aviation. So this is worldwide a very, as far as I know, a very specific solution that inside a free zone there is an airport. How come? -To be more attractive than any other free economic zone, not only in surrounding countries, but in much more wider geography, if we will not be more attractive than any other free economic zone, why investors will come to the Alat Free Economic Zone. And because it we made everything possible to increase the attractiveness of the Alat free economic zone. And one of these decisions is establishment of cargo airport at the territory inside of the free economic zone, with direct access of our clients to this type of services. It will increase the attractiveness of the Alat Free Economic Zone for investors and especially for high tech companies. So you are also becoming independent with the air cargo from sea. If there's a problem on sea, as we sometimes experience and allow me the question, what kind of airplanes air cargo planes can land here, is it really also the -Any even the 747 Boeing 747 Boeing freighter? -Any. Okay. And if the general manager wants to fly with his private jet into. No problem, no problem. -So you got a general aviation terminal. Business aviation section of this airport and general manager, anybody if they want to use their. -Private jets. Private jets. No problem, no problem. -Because we have to know this is a bit a remote place. So in the remote place you have full access by car, by sea, and now with the plane. So this is basically a strong diversification that you are carrying out with the economic free zone. You are diversifying and you are differentiating yourself from other free zones. Yeah, in a massive way. Of course, because any free zones is competitors, our competitors, and we are in competition with any other free economic zone in surrounding countries. Of course, if we will not be more attractive than any other free economic zone in the region, and even in much more wider geography, why investors will come to the Alat Free Economic Zone. You showed me the sketch of this airport, and you can see also air cargo terminals. Quite, quite a big number -cargo village. Tell us about the cargo village. -Cargo village means that any businesses which want to bring his products to the Alat Free Economic Zone, or from the economic zone can use this cargo village, these facilities, to bring their goods, to take their goods next to their doors, next to their businesses. Okay. Very close. Each company will have its own cargo village. And how is it planned? Will the planes stay there overnight if necessary? Longer periods or they just come in and go on? But they can stay overnight. -There is space for planes, which will stay here one hour, one night. One day. You can accommodate everything. -No problem. Congratulations. Good. Innovative idea. Makes you really special in that case. Now, I have visited some of other places in Azerbaijan, and I'm really impressed by the number of manufacturing companies in Azerbaijan. Let me ask you, Mr. Chairman, what kind of industries are you targeting with AFEZ, with Alat Free Economic Zone? Businesses engaged in high value, added export oriented manufacturing businesses engage in high value added, export oriented manufacturing, using, of course, best technologies and best international standards. Only these type of businesses. Not trading, not warehouses, etc.. Manufacturing. -Manufacturing and as you say, value addition. That assumes you have a product, a raw material that becomes value addition on it and then can be exported from here. -Yes, with certificate of origin Made in Azerbaijan. We have this Certificate. Our investors need to establish businesses. Manufacturing. Full cycle of manufacturing. So today, Azerbaijan is very much driven by oil and gas. Does oil and gas play here a role or are you diversifying? The goal of the establishment of the Alat Free economic zone is diversify economy of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Very important point. Our clients is businesses, as I said, engaged in high value added, export oriented manufacturing and export oriented means that at least 75% of goods produced in the Alat Free Economic Zone they are obliged to export outside of the Republic of Azerbaijan. And it is very important point. -So that's the idea of having the value addition in Azerbaijan, but not for Azerbaijan can be, but mainly for export oriented companies. Yes, if we want to have successful story. -It has to be like this. The Azerbaijan market. Not so big. We have 10.5 million buyers only. It means that if you will orient them to the local market, it will be small businesses oriented to the local market. And because it high value added, export oriented manufacturing and it is not the first time in history. For example, in Ireland in 1959, they established Shannon Free Economic Zone in vicinity of Shannon International Airport. And this goal and this goal for high value added export oriented manufacturing. At that time, for example, Ireland was the poorest country of the Europe. GDP per capita of Ireland at that time was maybe 12 times less that GDP per capita of USA nine times less than the GDP of UK. But today GDP of Ireland per capita is higher than GDP of USA, UK, Germany, etc.. Because also the big tech companies are their Microsoft. Not only -...the Google not only, but also manufacturing. Do you take Shannon a bit like an example for Azerbaijan as this gateway is this your inspiration also? -Yes. We used the experience of Shannon managers who spent decades of their life in the Shannon free economic zone. We used their experience. Then they prepared legislation of the Alat free economic zone. Planning. Not only master planning, even detailed planning of these tasks sectors was made by guys from Shannon. Now, Mr. Chairman, what caught me, my special attention is also the independency of this free economic zone. So you have an independent legal regime here. And can you tell us about why do you need a special independency here from the rest of the Azerbaijan lawmaking and law execution system? -Let's back to the history. When in Ireland, the government of Ireland decided to establish a free economic zone. They adopted special law on the Shannon Free economic zone primarily as primary law. Which gives independence of the free economic zone of authority and extraterritoriality for free economic zones and our studies, for example. I hope you know that around the world, more than 4000, 5000 free different types of free zones. No, I did not know about that. Always increasing by the day basically Thousands. -Yeah, yeah. But if somebody will ask me, could you name most successful story? Ireland. Singapore. China, including Taiwan, United Arab Emirates and Azerbaijan. And it will be Azerbaijan. We used this experience. Because without extraterritoriality and independence of regulatory body. How investors will spend a lot of time efforts because of bureaucracy. The bureaucracy to get all the licenses to go ahead. Same as in any other country. -In Germany. When you build a company, it takes weeks, months to do that. -And because it we have such a legal regime which guarantees extraterritoriality of the Alat Free economy zone and independence of other Free economic zones of storage, it means that our clients, they don't need to touch with any to any state entity, governmental bodies only we and them. Registration, licensing, land leasing certification. Everything only in this office. -So it's a very streamlined process for your customers. For the investor. -And if, for example, if we agreed with potential investors about their plants, what they want to build, what they want to produce. All procedures will take one week. -Mr. Chairman, do you have an example? A life example? We don't need to mention names, but do you have an example for us, for our community, to explain one specific investment case that you think was very fast implemented. What it means very fast for small businesses, very fast. It's one year. We don't have such small businesses. And because it's impossible to say in one year, for example, first, which started production of their agreed products, they spent more than two years for planning construction. And maybe they will finish in July or August this year. -This is including Construction? Yes. And in July or August they will finish from the day of planning permit till production. It will take three years. But it is a very short form. Big industries for small entities. It is not short time, but for big industries. -You have to imagine the machines. They have to be constructed. The infrastructure has to be constructed. So it's a very fast time -Infrastructure: We provide it to our investors, industrial landlords with ready to use offsite and onsite infrastructure and utility. We did everything in advance of demand because without such principal position, nobody will come. Nobody will wait when we will provide to them water. Natural gas, connection to motorways, railways, etc. etc. and because it if you want to be successful, it's obligatory to have industrial landlords ready to use industrial landlords in advance of demand. They want to come and to see and to select this plot. So, Mr. Chairman, with all due respect, what you have made here. In Europe, we have one issue and that is find the right talent for the production engineering people, particularly skilled workers and things like that. How would you rate your free economic zone in that respect? Do you have sufficient employee available? We have and we will have, because every year approximately 120,000 young brilliant guys from schools. Come to universities. After universities they need to find. So you have a huge talent market free available. For our community, I can tell you you have in Azerbaijan Turkish very much also widespread and English is standard here. Absolute international communications with the employees. No problems? -No, not a problem at all. No language problems? -Okay. Very, very easy to to deal with employees and get the talents recruited. Even for Chinese, for example, businesses. It's not for them to find Chinese speaking persons in Azerbaijan. -So, Mr. Chairman, then I have my final question. Of course, investors are also looking always to have high returns on their investments (ROI). And in order to limit the risk, they are looking for incentives. Do you have a program on incentives for companies that would like to accommodate and locate in your free zone? Under our internal regulations we can provide to our investors, to businesses established by them in the Alat Free Economic Zone. such incentives like zero tax rate. Any corporate tax is zero zero. Any corporate tax is zero. Custom duties and taxes: zero. And because it in addition to that we have industrial land plots with ready to use infrastructure and utilities. It is in incentives to come to the place where everything is ready. Plus. And you can start kick off immediately. -and no taxes, no custom duties. It is this combination of incentives. If you have, for example, tax incentives, but you don't have ready to use industrial land. Then what's the point. What's the point then It's a combination of legislation and incentives infrastructure. So I see as a summary many, many plus points and benefits for investors here. So first of all the reach is very easy. So you've got air cargo coming in soon. You got HR talent is available. This is because of your excellent education system here in Azerbaijan. You got ready to use immediate kickstart of places available on your grand place here that we are seeing out of the window here. And you got zero taxes. I mean this is a massive competitive advantage. -Zero corporate taxes and zero custom duties and taxes. -So Mr. Chairman, I thank you so much for this deep insights into your free economic zone. I hope we can meet each other again in Turkiye and in Azerbaijan. And I wish you in the exploration and getting more foreign direct investment here in this country. Very much luck. I can wholeheartedly, absolutely recommend it because I've seen the Azerbaijan culture and the community here. It's very open minded and I think it's a good choice if you compare with Shannon, Dubai, Taiwan, Singapore, because the geography is also attractive, in my view, because, Central Asia sometimes Southeast Asia is too far for, for certain value addition of products because of the logistics. But this is centrally located, Dubai on the one side, Europe on the other side, Turkiye, and not so far away, China not so far away. So it's geographically a good hub in that race. Location is a very important point. If you don't have access to all kinds of transportation, logistics, services, why you will invest at that territory. Mr. Alasgarov, then my final ask of you is if you would like to say something into our camera, to our community. What should they do after they have listened to us? What would be your call to action? Businesses engaged in high value at the export oriented manufacturing, welcomed to the Alat Free Economic Zone. And be sure that it is the best place for your investments, for your successful businesses into the future. -Thank you so much. Thank you.